Global Risks report 2

1) Fragiles Society Under Pressure:

How did the income of richest person is more than poor people and why is it keep increasing?
What made the income inequality is widening quickly large emerge market?
What happen when you lower the economic growth and technology in developing country?
" As societies become less homogenous and less bound by common values, and more polarized into the have and have-not, they will become harder to govern effectively. This in turn increases the risk of prolonged economic stagnation, creating the potential for a self-reinforcing downward spiral into social chaos. States will need to mitigate this risk through policies to make growth more inclusive: providing public goods and services such as social protection, hospitals, schools, transport and telecommunications infrastructure. "

2) Growing worries about conflict:

why did people believe that the world was entering the new era of strategic competition?
How can the economic uses and cyber warfare can attack people's private?
Is it the ISIS is the main problem causes Geopolitical risk in Iraq and Syria?
"A recent example is Iraq and Syria, where ISIS has claimed control of territory and attracted 20,000 to 30,000 fighters from a near standing start. The rapid rise and brutality of ISIS as well as the response of the international community may underlie the increased likelihood and impact attributed by respondents to the risk of the deployment of weapons of mass destruction and the higher potential impact than in previous years associated with large-scale terrorist attacks (Figure 1.3). "

3) Economic Risk: Out Of The Spotlight?

How can the financial crisis may reflect the false of control? 
What is the risk of asset bubble?
Is it the decision-maker only worry about the main problem that could lead to inaction?
"The evidence of frothiness is increasing in a number of housing markets in both advanced and emerging economies – including Canada, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, France, Sweden, Norway, China, Hong Kong SAR and Singapore – as well as in a number of credit and equity markets across the world."

4) Environment- High concern, little progress:

What are the top 10 risk that can affect the environment?
How human adapt to the new problem in 2030?
"In 2015 the international community has a once-in-a-generation opportunity to align the climate change and development agenda. A series of global summits on climate change, disaster risk reduction, financing for development and sustainable development goals could embed into the post-2015 global governance architecture a coherent agenda for tackling interlocking environmental risks."

5) Technological: Back to the Future

What did the cyber crime did to cause damage cost up to $100 Billion each year?
How can protect ourself away from hacker?
"The pace of innovation and the highly distributed nature of the Internet require a new approach to global Internet governance and cooperation. As more people rely on the Internet, the question of Internet governance becomes increasingly important. Two kinds of issues exist: technical matters, to make sure all the infrastructure and devices that constitute the Internet can talk to each other; and overarching matters, to address cyber crime, Net neutrality, privacy and freedom of expression."

6) Preparedness at regional level is different?

Why is it important to look at the preparedness from a disaggregated perspective?
Why high structural unemployment is seen at risk in Europe?
"East Asia and the Pacific is perceived as least prepared for interstate conflict and failure of urban planning. It is also the only region that reported being least prepared for man-made environmental catastrophes following the 2011 Fukushima incidence."

global risk report

Global Risk Report

  We are living in the world full of risks. I will briefly describe 3 infographics below suggest in different areas that we need to care about. Impact is the size of effect, or "How damaging will it be?", Likelihood is the probability, or "By how much chance will it happen?"

   This is infographic about societal Risks, according to this the spread of infectious diseases in 2015. For example, the most dangerous disease now is Ebola in spread widely across the world. water and food lacking is higher then everything. social instability happens less frequently. Impact of failure of urban planing seem to be decrease.


  According to this infographic, both man made, natural catastrophes and extreme weather events strike less severely but more often, Biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse need to be treated more serious. Biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse seem going to increase than ever, while failure of adaptation become more often.


 According to this infographic, energy prices shock, failure of financial mechanism of institution seem to be increase, in economic when you made money but you spend more than the amount money that you made that is your first failure. Fiscal crises luckily decrease than the other risk, while Unemployment or underemployment still stay the same.
  These are 3 areas, seem are not match together but if you look closely you can see their relationship and how they got relate to each other. social risk can be related to environment risk, for example the spread of disease can be lead to the biodiversity loss and environment collapse, million of people dead and since there are lot of people dead, which lead to the economic risk thing like unemployment and fiscal will be more likely to happen. All things are connect to each other, sometime you change one thing other will also likely to change.
  There are 28 topical areas where there problem in the world, I think all of them all are problem need to be concern. Because they are related to each other, we cannot disregard on any single problem and the reason why is because if you leave one problem it will be affect the other. They are connect, for example you want to solve for biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse on planet earth but you think that ebola doesn't, so you just leave it. They are a tree with many branches and all the problem need to be concern.

Pollution

Pollution

  Pollution is the presence of poisonous substance, it could be in the air, in the water, in the earth and everything around us. There are many types of pollution and I will describe more about it in this blog.

  First, air pollution is the presence of dust and dirt in the air that are harmful t organism inhabiting. Pollution come from vehicles, factories, agriculture and surprisingly the more developed countries will give more air pollution. Air pollution increase the chance to make your health turn bad such as lung and heart disease, foster global warming, depletes ozone layer, destroy habitat and global warming. Solution for air pollution are many but people seldom do what they are suppose to do, to air pollution may include using public transportation, emphasize clean energy sources and save energy.

  Next is water pollution, this is the presence of harmful substances and objects that contaminate water body. Caused by sewage from household, industrial waste, and radioactive leakage, water pollution affects human health and the whole ecosystem. Water pollution can eased if people stop dumping trash and other stuff into the water, they can start using environment-friendly cleaning technology to clean out water.

  Last but not least, light pollution but how is it possible when light can make pollution. Light pollution is the presence of excessive or misdirected artificial light. Light pollution disrupts environment, harm human and many other species and this is the waste of energy. Light pollution can be reduced by using right amount of light at the right place and time, using save energy bulbs and shielding light carefully.

 Anything around us can be pollution, if we waste and make it can be harm to the other. Pollution is very serious and need to be solve.

Challenge of 21st century

Challenges of 21st Century

  We see border between countries, culture, hopes and beliefs. We see a difference between our mind and body, you and me, nature and objects.This fragmented of view pervades in the way we organize our lives as well, when we at work we think about another holiday destination and we on holiday we think about work. We are living in a world that is a lot better than the world of thousand year ago, development of technologies, policies, perspective, etc... has changed our lives dramatically. It's "development" so our lives supposed to be better, isn't it?


  Million of life was saved every year, due to the development of medicine and hospital. Our life are more convenient due to the development of transportation, communication, etc. But are we really satisfy with this life and isn't it really better like the way I think? the more we have, the more we are tired to. Everyday, we are worries about a lot of things, such as, money, family, carrer, etc. We created the internal fear inside our mind, the fear of what we know, the desirous of what we don't have, and worried of what we don't have. Every second, our mind is full of thinking and worries.
  
  So how can we free ourselves from those things? Can we just throw everything and live in a forest like cave men? But we still have to worried about food, protection, house,etc.
  Since there is always danger from the external environment, the answer is may be vary and it actually inside, Meditation. It's a way that we can refresh our mind and live a simple life.

Motivation and issues

Motivation and Issues

  Motivation is a key to solves many problem in 21st century, it is  the results of processes, internal or external to the individual, that around enthusiasm and persistence to pursue a certain course of action. You are no interesting in learning, and you feel like don't want to learn anymore, until your parent give you rewards like a car, a phone,etc if you try to learn harder to get a good grade and I guarantee that you will be eager to learn. That can understand  as motivation, you can simply understand motivation is like energy that you give to yourself to do something better and only motivation can give you feeling of eager, willingly do anything and even thing that you don't like.

  I cannot deny but this is true that I'm writing this blog to improve my grade, for a better grade I need to write it good and neat. Since this part of my grade, so it is really important that determine whether I pass or fail, this is my motivation to do this assignment.

  Or I have another option, I will watch youtube and playing games if this not count as major grade. I feel like waste a lot of time in my life and I will struggle to get this blog out to save my grade. Motivation is as power as the voice of president to force his people to do something, it is the voice inside your head, it make people behave in certain way, such as it make me feel responsible for every single assignment even though I feel really lazy for it but I still have to get it done.

  There are many theories about motivation that I have learned before, such as Maslow's Hierarchy theory, Herzberg theory, etc. These theories are different ideas about human and each has its own flaws. However, in general, these theories state that motivation generate from desire of satisfaction and avoid of punishment.

  There are some exceptions to these theories. One of them is the ascetic's lifestyle of the monks, they keep the lower-order needs at minimum level and strive for higher-order needs.
  There are issues around the world that can be analyzed based on the principles of motivation.

  The first issue is ignorance. Understanding problems about the world is important, however having enough food for everybody is even more important. Take people in Africa as an example, they was known as poor, unlike us they have to give their 100% effort to find food instead of work for only one purpose, to survive. Who care about working hard when you have enough food to eat for the rest of your life? Who care about the other when you have everything you need? Solve for physical need, we solve for ignorance.

  The second issue is war. People fight each other for no reasons, sometime for good purpose but sometime not. No matter what is it, how people give a very good reasons, people growing anger inside them and make it become a war. War usually happen on power, resource and land nowaday. Rich nations a rich and powerful, so they start the war first because nothing is enough for them, they push poor people to the end of the edge and war happen destroy everything. If people have what they need, will war still happen? I think the answer is yes, because nothing is enough for human they are greedy and always want everything belong to them. Yes thing fight for what they want, "Greed" is motivation to start the war.

  The third issue is issues is about motivation itself. When people have everything, they satisfied and don't work for better thing, to me that call lazy. For example, money can spoils children. Kids born in rich families are more likely to have the tendency toward entertainment rather than education. They are easier to get spoiled than poor kids. they are seduced and distracted by many things. They lack motivation to concentrate on what they suppose to do, they need to care more about education rather than entertainment. As the result of all the thing, they end up with failure. The solution for this is self-motivation. Thing always change, and we have no control on that, the only thing we can control is our mind and thinking. Mentally pushing ourselves forward is a great way to keep moving forward.
  Motivation can be both good or bad, it depend on how you take it serious or not. It is each person's job to control them selves to pushing forward to improve. Everybody need motivation, to do better in their life and without it people would become lazy just like me. I think this blog is even more important than improve my grade, after write this blog I think that I need find motivation to study.

Biodiversity

Biodiversity

  What is biodiversity? Biodiversity is the variety type of life found on earth, we can understand that are everything alive on earth and enviroment around us. This is an include of every living things (plants, animals and organisms) in a given area, interacting with each other, and also with their non-living environments (weather, earth, sun, soil, climate, atmosphere).

  In an ecosystem, each organism has its' own niche or role of play, every part of ecosystem is important and they support each other in nature. Imagine that a small puddle at the back of your home, in it, you may find all sorts of living things, from microorganisms to insects and plants. These may depend on non-living things like water, sunlight, temperature, atmosphere pressure and even nutrients in the water for life.

   This is very complex, wonderful interaction of living thing and non-living things, has been the foundations of energy flow and recycle of carbon and nitrogen. Biodiversity create base on food chain, all living things need to feed to get energy to grow, move and reproduce. The food chain is like recycle circle smaller animal get eaten by bigger animal and it go around like circle and never end. This is feeding relationship in an ecosystem, food chains are usually in a sequence with an arrow used to show the flow of energy.

  Our planet is beautiful and the home of many species, the beauty of planet earth was created by many species. As you know there are many different species on our planet, so you can imagine about the abundance of biodiversity on this planet, each of them support play a role. A role here is that you think about how the food chain work, bigger animal eat smaller animals that is simple way you can think about it. And if you eliminate the smaller species from the food chain it will also affect to bigger animal, without food they will die. This could lead to the extinction of all the species on earth accept to the omnivores like human, they could eat anything including plants.
  But it also better if you can eliminate the unnecessary species like mosquitos, cockroaches, rats,... it will make world become. I believe all of these species is not bring any good to human and animals, they destroy most of thing that we know and also harmful to us. They are most harmful species in world, human don't like them and other species also don't like them, I can feel sorry for frog if they eat mosquitos or cat eat rat. They look like most hate animal on earth and I wish that they should never exist.

  There always a good side and bad side for a opinion, I believe all life are important and there are no right that you can kill animals to eliminate them. Some animals on earth now are almost extinct and you will never see them again. So I think instead of kill animal, we should reserve and protect them, all the life are important and we need to appreciate that.

G7

G7

  There are not alot powerful countries in the world include America,  Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and United Kingdom. They have strong economies, powerful armies, high technology,...they makes the rest of the world look so different and they look like god among many ordinary human. The "god" of the Olympus, they come together and for only one reason is to discuss economic issue. And they also have a  special name that is G7, in which, G is stand for Group. 

  Every countries is G7 is powerful and they really strong voice that really threaten everybody else. Before there are G7 there was G6,  found in 1975,  there were consist of 6 countries of finance minister and central bank governors from France, West Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and United State. After 1997, Russia was formally invited to the next meeting and formally joined the group in 1998 and it become the group of 8. Until now, there are only 7 members and Russia was kicked out due to the punishment from United State. Their goal is to improve the world economic and make economic become better in developing countries.

  The good thing that G7 can improve the economic by making everybody can involve in trade and sell. The organization was originally founded to facilitate shared macroeconomic initiatives by its members in response to the collapse of the exchange rate 1971, energy crisis and ensuing recession. it goal was fine tuning of short term economics policies among participant countries to monitors developments in the world economy and assess economic policies. Bring benefit to a lot of people is good thing they did.
  They did a lot to help people but there are also lot of thing that they have done yet. They did help countries in economic grow but there are some countries they can't reach like in Africa. They still not create job for many people out there.
  I think it really make sense when world largest economy guiding the rest of world policies. They are powerful and strong, so they really fit with the role of the leader to lead the rest of the world to follow them. As a leader they will set a rule for people to follow and of course some countries will disagree because it will be difficult to follow, but it their rule if you accept they as a leader. It good when the wiser and better people making decision for you to.

  China and India should not be include in G7 because I don't think they have a really good economy when compare to countries like United State, England, France,... As you know India and China have the world biggest population in the world about billion of people, they have plenty of labor but also there are lot of people don't have a job. When you look inside India and China then compare it America, England,.. you will see a lot of thing that you can't include them in G7. I believe China is using dictatorship to rule economy of countries and it now really peaceful way to do economy, imagine that you let China control economy of the world it will be disaster.

nuclear energy

Nuclear Energy

  Nuclear is one of the most powerful energy that we have right now, we can use it for many purposes and of course to serve human need. Nuclear power can both be bad and good, human have right to use it but we have to use it wisely to get risk of it dangerous.

 Nuclear power is the use of nuclear reactors to release nuclear energy, it provide a huge amount of energy and it maybe infinite. At first scientists came up with an idea of nuclear energy to provide and serve good to people, which provide electricity and the factory must be clean. That just the plan that scientists made for first time they known about nuclear energy, it even worse when they kept digging deep inside to discover about nuclear energy, believe it or not this is on of the most fastest things that scientists have ever learn before. The more they known, the more nuclear energy became dangerous and it seem to go against the plan that they made before for nuclear energy. The factory get dirty really quickly and it bring out pollution to the environment, the most threaten thing also happen human thing about nuclear weapon and it is the most powerful weapon on the world right now.

  Nuclear not only damage to human life but it also cause lot of trouble in production. First, it cost a lot of money for energy production. Uranium is not only rare but also very hard to find, also take thousand of year to return to neutral. But the good thing about nuclear power is that you can take very small amount of Uranium and also can produce a lot of energy.

  Throwback,to the last decade, there are a lot of accident on nuclear reaction like Chernobyl, Hiroshima,... be more specific I will take Japan as an example, nuclear reaction provides a lot of energy for the country but produce a lot of pollution. On March 2011, there was a huge earthquake, a tsunami destroyed Fukushima's nuclear factory. A huge explode, came with a lot of radiation which is harmful to everything around and most of the landscape was seriously damage.
  Nuclear power is important for us, it provide a lot of benefits for us but it also cause problem. To control a nuclear factory it require a lot of experience and knowledge, to perfectly a nuclear factory is really hard, even developed country still make mistake. Even if it cause a lot of trouble but I still highly think that we should keep using it until we find a better resource.

Clean Water

Clean Water

    We are human live on the planet earth and we just like other animal, living thing on earth, we have one common essential need and that is water. Water can be use for many purpose, drinking, washing, for produce power such as like we use in the dams, but I think the most important need of water for water is drinking but how clean the drinking water should be? How clean must water be in order to be consumed safety by human? There are no absolute clean water in nature, all the water that you drink from water bottle was has been treated carefully by using UV light. So how to distinguish between "Clean water" and "Unclean water".

  Most of the water that we use in our life is pretty much is a clean water, so that we are safe to use it everyday. But " Unclean water" or "Polluted water" is water that contains contaminants, gems, baterias, larvae, chemicals, dust and many other harmful elements. It is not save to use at all, trust me you don't want to cook with polluted water, it can cause serious disease for you, you don't want to eat bateria or drink all the chemical from factories into your body. It is the deadly water, it does not only cause disease, but also harm your organism and it will give you pain, your dead not come to you suddenly but it will slowly  kill you until the last day of your life.

  We all know that polluted water is the result us, we create of the junk and put it in water, then it become polluted and now we have to use it in our life. We are now the victim of our actions and that is consequence that we have to face, because clean water not available all the time and it not last forever, but someday in the future we will have to use the water that called "Polluted Water" and there are no other option to choose, there only two option use or not to use "Polluted Water". "Polluted Water" can affect the habitat of many animals such as marine animals, they spend most of their life under the water and if their home was destroy they will also die. Most of the marine wild life are human food and if they die imagine that we will never eat fish again.

  We intentionally or unintentionally cause the water become pollute and full of dust, we are doing it everyday by put radioactive waste over the sea, also same with industrial waste, oil pollution which as spread over the sea, marine dumping,..

  As a result of global warming, the need of clean water is critical. A serious happen that you cannot imagine. Look at the picture, I can see there was used to be lot of water in the lake, that people built a bridge that all the way up to easy for transportation, but now the bridge seem to be use less because there no water in the lake, so people can walk through it easy.

A buoy sits on dry cracked earth on a dry inlet of Shasta Lake on August 30, 2014 in Lakehead, California.
  There are lot of different things that we can do to change the world and clean the dirty water such as collect the trash on the beach, help people to collect trash on the beach, tell the government about about the pollute things that the factories put out on the river,... but people are the most important factor they would not change until the earth will be destroy, to do something or take action into it first we need to change their perspective about using clean water and how rare does it available on the earth. But I think we need to do is educate children in school now, teach them about how to keep the environment clean and they will never make mistake like us again.

Ocean Ecology

Ocean Ecology

 We live on earth, a beautiful planet with plenty of life living together including us, human. The earth is a bit unfair, it only cover 29,1% of earth surface with land and the rest is water which is about 70,1%. That mean the land is only about one third of the whole world surface area, there are more creature living on this world beside terrestrial ones. There is a part of the world that human haven't fully explore yet, that part is marine ecosystem.

  When we are talking about ecosystem it include many thing like ocean, salt marshes, intertidal zones, estuaries, lagoons, mangroves, coral reefs, the ocean floor and home of many sea creatures. We all know that sea is the home of many well and unknown creatures, including plant, animals, bacteria and many more. Scientist estimated that there are about 1 million specie are living in ocean. Ocean is like any water bodies, contribute greatly to climate change.

  Marine ecosystem bring a lot of benefits for human, such as in tourism and fishing. Fishing today provide about 16% of world's dietary protein source. Tourism attract lot of people to visit and also bring as much as fishing does. Together all of these lead to economic development, with better job, salaries, sales,...
  As most people know, human not really nice to appreciate everything they got, instead of preserve ecosystem, we are destroying it. We over-fishing, not allow resources to replenish. As fishing technology with electric net and bomb, we are even more destructive. We pollute water with oils and wastes ( many kind of wastes especially from factories). These poisons will contaminate the water and harm the marine life. For example, there is also acid acidification created by carbon dioxide, which weaken shells of sea creatures.

  This problems become worse and worse everyday, even people know this is happening. There are some small effort from groups of people, which is really good to know that The Marine Conservation Institute tries to increase protected marine areas, some people try to encourage to stop using electric net and bombing in fishing, some other try to clean up the oil mess of the ocean. Here are what you can do and message to everybody:
- Stop destroy marine life.

Gender Equality

Gender Equality

  Gender equality states that women and men have equal value and should be treat equally or even more.
  Gender inequality now has been a serious problems in the world, back to the old time before World War I, before 1900s, men took advantage to stand in the highest rank in the society and having more authority than women. While woman was put in lower rank, they was forced to stay at home and have economic depend, have less right. But when World War I happened everything was changed, all men left their home to do countries duty which is fought for their country and woman was at home doing everything like doing men jobs, they can do everything that they have never done before such as to have a jobs like engineer, doctor, nurse and many more, so  they have money without economic depend. From that time everything was changed, woman have same position as the men in the society.

  But that is story about very long time ago, gender inequality is really serious now especially in the in Eastern countries, according to Gender Index Organization:
1. In 2007, 34% of Vietnamese women report experiencing at least one type of domestic violence in their lifetime.
2. Vietnam male/female sex ratio at birth in 2013 is 1.12. There are some abortion due to boy bias. It is a long-existing tradition in Eastern countries that boy is better than girl. This is very old tradition in Vietnam, since our country was create, It bring a lot of inequality to women. Women was put the "uniform" of family, they was treated as lower class, cannot go to school because if woman learn they are not as good as boy do.

  As I see gender inequality affects the whole society:
1. In economy, gender inequality limit the salary or amount of women can made
2. In education, woman and man have the same intelligence, so to say woman performance at school not as good as man is unfair,
3. In politic: woman can make strong decision and also rule countries, but there are few woman politician, making politic somehow bias.
4. In society, woman receive domestic violence in different way abuse, sexual harassment and stereotypes.

  Woman in 21th century play really play big role in our society, to me both women and men are important. There maybe no solution for gender inequality, because that is people thinking, perspective and you can't change it. I believe gender inequality is one of the old perspective of the old generation, it can be replaced by the new thinking and perspective of the new generation.

Smoking cigarettes

Smoking Cigarettes

  Cigarette become popular now aday, people smoking cigarette increase every year and the number keep increase without stop. By doing the survey and observation, in Vietnam  half the man in Vietnam are now smoking cigarette , most of them started to smoke from age of 15 to 18,  to me this is not really shocking or new thing, because I already see some kids from the elementary school about 10 or 11 get use with cigarettes. Cigarettes now are the most serious problem now, it cause death of many people, believe or not the death causing by smoking cigarettes are more than HIV, traffic, alcohol and illegal drug. In Vietnam there are 40,000 thousand people was death every year,with average 100 people death everyday by cigarette.

  Every breath that you take from inhaling smoke of cigarettes might reduce 5 mins of your life, so what is cigarette and why is it so harmful? "Tobacco is a green, leafy plant that is grown in warm climates. After it is picked, it is dried, ground up, and used in different ways. It can be smoked in a cigarette, pipe, or cigar. It can be chewed (called smokeless tobacco or chewing tobacco) or sniffed through the nose "- according to healthliteracy.worled.org. I have do research I found that in one cigarettes contain about 69 out of 4000 chemicals can cause cancer and one of them is nicotine which also was found in bug spray, nicotine is chemical that make people easy to get addictive. You can simply understand that when you smoke nicotine going to your bloodstream and your body want more. 

  Smoking can affect badly to people around you, even they are not smoke that does not mean that when inhale the smoke from your cigarettes not make them sick. The truth is that they can get sick more easily. Especially baby, they can't not tell or force their parent or people around them to stop smoking, that is their disadvantage, baby just sit there take all the smoke in the body. Please when you smoke respect other people and think about them, because not everybody want to breath in polluted air that you create from the smoke.

  Smoking cigarettes harm nearly every organ in your body, cause disease such as lung cancer, mouth cancer, neck cancer,... reduce the health of smoker in general and it cost a lot of money to buy, it is one of the most wasteful way to use money. Smoking is never a good thing to try, first of all it is the waste money for nothing since you can get disease and also bad health, so please stop smoking and quit as soon as possible. Think about every around you.